This was the great palace of Nebuchadnezzar. This was probably the noted Temple of Belus, which was a pyramid about 480 feet high. These ruins are principally (1) the great mound called Babil by the Arabs. These are the ruins of this once famous proud city.
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On the west bank of the Euphrates, about 50 miles south of Bagdad, there is found a series of artificial mounds of vast extent. It was again and again visited by hostile armies, till its inhabitants were all driven from their homes, and the city became a complete desolation, its very site being forgotten from among men. It then ceased to be the capital of an empire.
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538, who issued a decree permitting the Jews to return to their own land ( Ezra 1). Under Nebuchadnezzar it became one of the most splendid cities of the ancient world.Īfter passing through various vicissitudes the city was occupied by Cyrus, "king of Elam," B.C. 606) it threw off the Assyrian yoke, and became the capital of the growing Babylonian empire.
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This city gradually grew in extent and grandeur, but in process of time it became subject to Assyria.
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At length Khammu-rabi delivered it from the foreign yoke, and founded the new empire of Chaldea (q.v.), making Babylon the capital of the united kingdom. The Elamites invaded Chaldea (i.e., Lower Mesopotamia, or Shinar, and Upper Mesopotamia, or Accad, now combined into one) and held it in subjection. It stood on the Euphrates, about 200 miles above its junction with the Tigris, which flowed through its midst and divided it into two almost equal parts. 2300, and includes Khammurabi, or Amraphel (q.v.), the contemporary of Abraham. The Greek form of BABEL Semitic form Babilu, meaning "The Gate of God." In the Assyrian tablets it means "The city of the dispersion of the tribes." The monumental list of its kings reaches back to B.C.